2021RECOVERY (Dexamethasone)CorticosteroidsIn 6,425 hospitalised patients with COVID-19, dexamethasone 6 mg/day × 10 d reduced 28-day mortality compared with usual care, in patients requiring oxygen or ventilation.
2021RECOVERY (Tocilizumab)IL-6 antagonistsIn 4,116 hospitalised hypoxic patients with COVID-19 and inflammation, tocilizumab reduced 28-day mortality compared with usual care.
2021REMAP-CAP (IL-6)IL-6 antagonistsIn 803 critically ill ICU COVID-19 patients within 24 h of organ support, tocilizumab or sarilumab improved organ-support-free days and hospital survival versus control.
2021REMAP-CAP / ATTACC / ACTIV-4aAnticoagulationIn hospitalised COVID-19 patients across three coordinated platforms, therapeutic-dose heparin improved organ-support-free days in moderate illness but not in critically ill patients.
2021SOLIDARITYAntiviralsIn 11,266 hospitalised COVID-19 patients across 405 hospitals, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir or interferon did not reduce in-hospital mortality versus standard care.
2020ACTT-1AntiviralsIn 1,062 hospitalised COVID-19 patients, remdesivir shortened time to recovery compared with placebo.