2022CPT vs PE 2022VeteransIn 916 US veterans with PTSD, cognitive processing therapy achieved the same PTSD symptom reduction as prolonged exposure, with slightly fewer dropouts under PE.
2018Massed PEProlonged exposureIn 370 service members with PTSD, 10 sessions of prolonged exposure delivered over 2 weeks achieved better PTSD symptom reduction than present-centered therapy.
2013Bisson CochraneMeta-analysisAcross the Cochrane database of PTSD trials, trauma-focused CBT and EMDR achieved better PTSD symptom reduction than waitlist and stress-management controls.
2013Watts/Schnurr MAMeta-analysisAcross 137 PTSD trials, PE, CPT, EMDR and CBT produced larger effect sizes than SSRI pharmacotherapy.
2007Schnurr PEVeteransIn 284 women veterans and active-duty soldiers with PTSD, 10 sessions of prolonged exposure produced higher loss of PTSD diagnosis than present-centered therapy.
2005Foa PE/CRProlonged exposureIn 171 female assault survivors with PTSD, 9–12 sessions of prolonged exposure with or without cognitive restructuring reduced PTSD severity relative to a waitlist.
2002Resick CPTCognitive processing therapyIn 171 rape survivors with chronic PTSD, cognitive processing therapy achieved the same loss of PTSD diagnosis as prolonged exposure, with both superior to a minimal-attention waitlist.