2021RHAPSODYRecurrent pericarditisIn 86 patients with recurrent pericarditis and an elevated C-reactive protein level, continued weekly rilonacept prolonged time to first pericarditis recurrence compared with randomised withdrawal to placebo.
2019POETOral step-down therapyIn 400 patients with stable left-sided endocarditis after ≥10 days of IV therapy, step-down to oral two-drug therapy was non-inferior to continued IV therapy for a composite of mortality, embolic events, relapse or unplanned cardiac surgery.
2016AIRTRIPRecurrent pericarditisIn 21 patients with colchicine-resistant, corticosteroid-dependent recurrent pericarditis, continued anakinra markedly reduced recurrent pericarditis after randomised withdrawal compared with a switch to placebo.
2014CORP-2Recurrent pericarditisIn 240 patients with at least two prior recurrences of pericarditis, colchicine for 6 months added to conventional anti-inflammatory therapy reduced further recurrent pericarditis compared with placebo.
2014COPPS-2Postpericardiotomy syndromeIn 360 patients scheduled for cardiac surgery, perioperative colchicine started before surgery and continued for 1 month reduced postpericardiotomy syndrome within 3 months compared with placebo, but did not prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation.
2013ICAPAcute pericarditisIn 240 patients with a first episode of acute pericarditis, colchicine added to conventional anti-inflammatory therapy reduced incessant or recurrent pericarditis compared with placebo.
2012EASESurgical timingIn 76 patients with left-sided infective endocarditis, severe valve disease and large vegetations, early valve surgery within 48 hours reduced in-hospital death or embolic events at 6 weeks compared with conventional treatment with surgery only on clinical indication.
2011CORPRecurrent pericarditisIn 120 patients with a first recurrence of pericarditis, colchicine for 6 months added to conventional anti-inflammatory therapy halved further recurrence at 18 months compared with placebo.
2009TIMICMyocarditisIn 85 patients with biopsy-proven virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy and heart failure refractory to conventional therapy, 6 months of prednisone plus azathioprine improved left ventricular ejection fraction at 6 months compared with placebo.
2006Fowler DaptomycinAntibiotic therapyIn 246 patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia with or without endocarditis, daptomycin was non-inferior to an antistaphylococcal penicillin or vancomycin plus initial low-dose gentamicin for treatment success 42 days after the end of therapy, with less renal toxicity.