NLST

National Lung Screening Trial

Paciente / Población Intervención / Exposición Comparación Desenlace

In 53,454 high-risk current and former heavy smokers, three annual low-dose chest CT scans reduced lung-cancer mortality compared with annual chest radiography.

53.454

Diseño

Multicentre RCT, USA

Desenlace

Lung-cancer-specific mortality

Relevancia

Resultado20.0% relative reduction in lung-cancer mortality (95% CI 6.8–26.7; p=0.004); all-cause mortality reduced 6.7% (95% CI 1.2–13.6; p=0.02); NNS ≈ 320.

National Lung Screening Trial Research Team. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(5):395-409. 10.1056/NEJMoa1102873

Discusión y crítica

Foundation of LDCT lung-cancer screening; USPSTF Grade B recommendation, now extended to ages 50–80 and ≥20 pack-years.