FLAME
Indacaterol-Glycopyrronium versus Salmeterol-Fluticasone for COPD
Patient / Population Intervention / Exposure Comparison Outcome
In 3,362 COPD patients with ≥1 exacerbation in the prior year, indacaterol-glycopyrronium (LABA/LAMA) reduced annual exacerbation rate compared with salmeterol-fluticasone (LABA/ICS).
N
3,362
Design
RCT
Endpoint
Annual rate of all COPD exacerbations
Relevance
2
ResultRate ratio 0.89 (95% CI 0.83–0.96; p=0.003); moderate-or-severe RR 0.83. Pneumonia 3.2% vs 4.8%.
Wedzicha JA, et al. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(23):2222-2234. 10.1056/NEJMoa1516385
Discussion & critique
Reshaped GOLD recommendations toward dual bronchodilator first-line for non-eosinophilic exacerbators.