2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation
The 2024 ESC AF guideline reframes care around the AF-CARE pathway ([C]omorbidity and risk-factor management, [A]void stroke and thromboembolism, [R]educe symptoms by rate and rhythm control, [E]valuation and dynamic reassessment) and simplifies stroke risk to the sex-neutral CHA₂DS₂-VA score. The register's landmark AF trials are grouped below by AF-CARE theme.
This guideline cites 19 of the 199 landmark trials in our Cardiology register.
Avoid stroke — anticoagulation6
- 2024FRAIL-AFCardiology · AF · DOAC switchSafety of Switching From a Vitamin K Antagonist to a Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant in Frail Older Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
- 2013ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48Cardiology · AF · AnticoagulationEffective Anticoagulation with Factor Xa Next Generation in AF
- 2011ROCKET-AFCardiology · AF · AnticoagulationRivaroxaban Once-daily oral direct factor Xa inhibition Compared with vitamin K antagonism for prevention of stroke and embolism in AF
- 2011ARISTOTLECardiology · AF · AnticoagulationApixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in AF
- 2009RE-LYCardiology · AF · AnticoagulationRandomized Evaluation of Long-term Anticoagulation Therapy
- 1991SPAFCardiology · AF · antithromboticStroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Study
Reduce symptoms — rate vs. early rhythm control6
- 2021EARLY-AFCardiology · AF · AblationEarly Aggressive Invasive Intervention for Atrial Fibrillation
- 2020EAST-AFNET 4Cardiology · AF · Rate vs rhythmEarly Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation for Stroke Prevention Trial
- 2019CABANACardiology · AF · AblationCatheter Ablation versus Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation
- 2018CASTLE-AFCardiology · AF · AblationCatheter Ablation versus Standard Conventional Therapy in Patients with LV Dysfunction and AF
- 2010RACE IICardiology · AF · rate controlRate Control Efficacy in Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: Lenient Versus Strict Rate Control II
- 2002AFFIRMCardiology · AF · Rate vs rhythmAtrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management
Catheter & surgical ablation2
Left atrial appendage occlusion2
- 2021LAAOS IIICardiology · AF · surgical LAAOLeft Atrial Appendage Occlusion Study III
- 2014PROTECT AFCardiology · AF · LAAOWatchman Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic Protection in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Device-detected / subclinical AF3
- 2024ARTESiACardiology · AF · DOACApixaban for the Reduction of Thrombo-Embolism in Patients With Device-Detected Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation
- 2023NOAH-AFNET 6Cardiology · AF · DOACNon-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial High-Rate Episodes
- 2014CRYSTAL AFCardiology · AF · cardiac monitorCryptogenic Stroke and Underlying Atrial Fibrillation
Published since the guideline1
- 2025OPTIONCardiology · AF · LAAOComparison of Anticoagulation With Left Atrial Appendage Closure After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation